Fatiha Khalf ul Imam

💠 *Fatiha Khalf-ul-IMAM* 💠

1⃣surah aeraf ayat no 204
وَ اِذَا قُرِئَ الۡقُرۡاٰنُ فَاسۡتَمِعُوۡا لَہٗ وَ اَنۡصِتُوۡا  لَعَلَّکُمۡ  تُرۡحَمُوۡنَ
✳ Aur jab quran tumhre samne padha jaye toh usey tawajja se suno aur khamosh raho taake tumpe raham kiya jaye.

⭕Quran ki is ayat me allah ne hame kaha hai ke jab bhi quran padha jaye usey khamoshi se sunna chahiye aur usme tawajja karna chahiye phir chahe woh namaz me ho ya gher e namaz.

2⃣ ubadah bin samit radhiallaho anhu se riwayat hai ke nabi ﷺ ne farmaya ke uski namaz hi nhi hai jo surah fatiha nhi padhta. *( sahi bukhari 756 / sahi muslim 876 )*

3⃣ abu huraira radhiallaho anhu se riwayat hai ke nabi sallalahu alaihi wasallam ne farmaya : ke jisne namaz padhi aur usme fatiha nhi padhi toh uski namaz nakis hai nakis hai nakis hai uski namaz mukkamal nhi.
Abu huraira radhiallaho anhu se pocha gaya ke hum kabhi imam ke peeche hote hai ( kya tab bhi fatiha padhna hoga? ) toh abu huraira ne kaha ke apne dill me padh liya kro kyunke mene nabi sallalahu alaihi wasallam se suna ke allah tala farmata hai ke mene namaz apne aur apne bande ke bich me aadhi aadhi takseem (divide) ki hai, mera banda jo mangata hai me usko ata karta hu jab banda (alhamdulillahi rabbil aalameen kehta hai) toh allah farmata hai bande ne meri taarif ki, aur jab woh kehta hai (Ar rehmaniraheem) toh allah farmata hai ke bande ne meri sana bayan ki, phir woh kehta hai ( maaliki yaumiddeen ) toh allah farmata hai ke bande ne meri buzurgi bayan ki, aur phir jab woh kehta hai ( ieyaaka na'abudu waieyaaka nastaeen ) toh allah farmata hai ke yeh hissa mere aur mere bande ke darmiyan hai aur mere bande ne jo manga uska hai, aur jab woh kehta hai ( ihdinas siratal mustakeem, siratal ladeena anamta alaihim, ghairil maghdoobi alaihim waladaleen ) toh allah farmata hai ke yeh mere aur mere bande ke liye hai jo usne manga woh uska hai. *( sahi muslim 878 se 881)*

3⃣ ubadah bin samit radhiallaho anhu se riwayat hai ke hum ne nabi sallalahu alaihi wasallam ke peeche fajar ki namaz padhi toh aap par qirat dushwar ho gyi, namaz se farigh hone ke baad aap sallalahu alaihi wasallam ne humse pocha kya tumlog imam ke peeche qirat karte ho toh humne kaha ke haa hum jaldi jaldi padh lete hai, toh aap ne kaha ke imam ke peeche qirat mat kiya karo siwaye surah fatiha ke, kyunke uski namaz nhi jisne fatiha nhi padhi  *( abu dawood 824  / tirmizi 311 )*

*in hadiso ke tehat aap sallalahu alaihi wasallam ne logo ko imam ke peeche qirat karne se mana kar diya, magar sath hi yeh bhi kaha ke fatiha ke beghair namaz nhi hoti issey baaz logo ne yeh matlb nikala hai ke imam ke sath sath surah fatiha padhi jaye jabke unka yeh tarika nabi sallalahu alaihi wasallam ke bhi khilaf hai kyu ke nabi sallalahu alaihi wasallam ne surah fatiha padhne se bhi mana kiya hai jab imam jahri qirat kar rha ho aur uski daleel neeche aapko mil jayegi*

4⃣ abu huraira radhiallaho anhu se riwayat hai ke nabi sallalahu alaihi wasallam ne farmaya ke jab tum namaz ki halat me ho aur imam qirat kar rha ho toh tum us waqt khamoshi ikhtiyar karo *( sahi muslim 905 )*

5⃣ abu huraira radhiallaho anhu bayan karte hai ke aap sallalahu alaihi wasallam ne farmaya ke imam is liye hai ke uski iktada ki jaye, jab woh allahu akbar kahe toh tum bhi allahu akbar kaho aur jab woh qirat kare tum khamosh ho jao aur jab woh gheril maghdoobi alaihim waladaleen kahe toh tum ameen kaho *( ibne maja 846  / sahi muslim 905)*

*yaha aap sallalahu alaihi wasallam ne us waqt bhi qirat karne se mana farmaya jab ke imam fatiha padh raha ho, lihaza ab agar koi yeh kahe ke imam ke sath sath surah fatiha padh li jaye toh woh nabi sallalahu alaihi wasallam ki mukhalifat kar rha hai aur nabi sallalahu alaihi wasallam ki mukhalifat allah ki mukhalifat hai, ab sawal yeh hai ke akhri surah fatiha kab padhen toh uske liye hum sahaba kiram ko dekhte hai ke unka amal kya tha aur woh kab surah fatiha padhte they*

6⃣ samrah bin jundub kehte hai ke mujhe namaz me 2 sakte yaad hai, pehla jab imam takbeer e tehrima kahe aur qirat Shoro karne se pehle, aur dusra jab woh qirat se farigh ho kar ruku me jane ke kareeb ho *(abu dawood 777 )*

7⃣ samrah bin jundub radhiallaho anhu farmate hai ke nabi sallalahu alaihi wasallam ke do sakte hote they, ek sakta ( shuru namaz wali pehli ) takbeer ke waqt aur dusra sakta aap ki qirat ke ikhtitam (end) par hota tha. *(bukhari juz al qira 33 )*

8⃣ abu huraira radhiallaho anhu kehte hai ke imam ke liye 2 sakte hotey hai, tum in sakto me fatiha padhne ko ghanimat samjho. *(bukhari juz al qira 274 )*

*is hadis se hame malum hua ke jo abu huraira un sari hadis ke ravi hai jisme nabi sallalahu alaihi wasallam ne kaha ke fatiha ke beghair namaz nhi hoti, aur imam ke peeche qirat mat karo magar fatiha ke alawa, aur imam isliye hota hai ke uski iktada ki jaye toh jab woh fatiha ki qirat kare tum khamosh raho jab woh waladaleen kahe tum ameen kaho, yeh sari riwayat abu huraira radhiallaho anhu ne ki hai aur wohi abu huraira sakto me surah fatiha padha karte they aur logo ko uski targhib dilaya karte they*

💥 Aur yehi call shaikh ul hadees allama nasiruddin albani r.h ka bhi hai, woh apni kitab silsila ahadis zaeefa me hadis no 546 me likhte hai ke abu huraira ki jo riwayat hai sahi muslim me (iqra biha fi nafsi) fatiha ko apne dill me padh lo ussey murad fatiha sakto me padhna hai. *(silsila ahadis zaeefa hadis no 546)*

💥 Aur yehi call shaikh ul islam allama ibne taimiya ka bhi hai woh kehte hai  3 qual sabit hai is masle par, Pehla ye ki imam ke piche na padho, dusra yeh ke imam ke peeche har haal me padho, Tisra ye ki jo Ahle ilm me hai Ki imam jb qerat kre to khamoshi se suno kuch na padho Aur wo is liye ki suna imam ke piche qerat se behtar hai Aur jb quran nhi Sun rhe ho to qerat kro Kyun ki quran Ka nhi sunne se behtar qerat hai, Aur yehi qual hai in ulama Ka aur shafee Ka ahmed Ka ahnaaf ka.
*(fatawa al majmoo jild 23 page 265) *

🛑 *ab hum mukhtasarn dekhte hai ke tabaeen aur muhadiseen ka is bare me kya amal tha.*

*1* urwah bin zuber tabaee surah fatiha sakto me padha karte they aur apne baccho ko iski targhib dilaya karte *(bukhri juz al qira 276 )*

*2* abu salma bin abdurehman tabe sakto me fatiha padhte they. *(bukhari juz al qira 36 )*

*3* maemon bin mehran tabae sakto me qirat ke kayal they. *( bukhri juz al qira 36 )*

*4* saeed bin juber tabae sakto mi fatiha padha karte they. *(bukhari juz al qira 36 )*

*5* abdullah bin usman tabae sakto me qirat kiya karte they. *(bukhari juz al qira 34)*

*6* Imam bukhari apni kitab me likhte hai aksar tabae aur islaaf sakto me qirat ke kayal they *(bukhari juz al qira )*

*7* imam tirmizi likhte hai ke aksar sahaba, tabeen aur baad ke ahle ilm imam ke peeche sakto me qirat karte they. *(tirmizi 313 )*

*Aur isi tarah hamare muhadiseen me se aksar fatiha sakto me padhne ke Kayal the aur un sab ki daleel yehi hua karti thi quran me allah ne farmaya ke jab quran padha jaye toh usey khamoshi se suno (surah aeraf 204 ) , aur nabi sallalahu alaihi wasallam ne farmaya ke fatiha ke beghair namaz nhi hoti, toh woh sakto me qirat karte they taake allah ke farman par bhi amal ho jaye aur nabi sallalahu alaihi wasallam ke ke irshad par bhi amal ho jay . Baaz log quran ki is ayat ko mansookh kehte hai magar yeh baat hamare salaf ko nhi pata chali hamare sahaba ko nhi pata chali aur aaj 1400 saal baad ke kuch logo ko yeh baat pata chal gyi, yeh bas unki la ilmi ya firqa wariyat ki wajah se hai, ab dekhiye woh muhaddis jo sakto me qirat karte they unme se chand ek mashoor muhaddis yeh hai*

imam malik, imam abdullah bin Mubarak, imam shafai, imam ishaaq bin rawhiya, imam ahmad bin hambal, imam bukhari, imam tirmizi *(detail ke liye dekhiye tirmizi 311-312)*

*ab koi shakk wo shuba baki hi nhi raha ke hamare salaf sakto me fatiha padhne ke kayal they aur hame bhi fatiha sakto me padhna chahiye*

*Lekin aaj ke daur me ek naya masla pesh aya hai ke ahle sunnat ki aksar masjido me imam sakte hi nhi karte toh aisi surat haal me kya karna chahiye, sabse pehly toh hame apne masjid ke imam ko educate karna chahiye ke is sunnat ko zinda kiya jaye aur unse sakte karwayen jaye agar phir bhi woh na maane toh hume imam ki qirat khamoshi se sun lena chahiye imam ki jahri Namaz me qirat muktadi ke liye kifayat kar jayegi iski daleel bhi pesh e nazar hai*

1⃣ abdullah bin umar radhiallaho anhu se jab bhi koi shaks pochta ke kya imam ke peeche fatiha padhna zaruri hai toh woh farmate ke jab tum imam ke peeche namaz padh rhe ho toh imam ki qirat muktadi ke liye kafi hai. *( muwatta imam malik baabal salata Khalf-ul-IMAM 285 )*

Imam malik kehte hai ke yeh Jehri namaz ke liye hai, sirri namaz me fatiha padhna lazim hai.

2⃣ jabir bin abdullah radhiallaho anhu kehte hai fatiha ke baghair namaz nhi magar imam ke peeche. *(Tirmizi 313 )*

⭕Aur aksar muhaddis ne yeh muakkif ikhtiyar kiya ke jahri namaz me surah fatiha padhna wajib nhi hai
Ahnaaf jabir bin abdullah wali hadis se yeh istadlal lete hai ke yeh jahri aur sirri dono namazo ke liye hai toh unka yeh kehna batil hai kyu yehi jabir bin abdullah khud sirri namaz me fatiha ke sath surah bhi milaya karte they.

3⃣ jabir bin abdullah radiallahu anhu farmate hai ke hum zohar aur asar ki pehli 2 rakat me fatiha ke sath koi ek surah parthey they aur akhir ki 2 rakat me sirf surah fatiha padhte they. *(ibne maja 843 )*

Issey yeh baat bhi wazeh ho gyi ke sirri namaz me fatiha padhna zaruri aur wajib hai uske beghair namaz mukkamal nhi lihaza ahnaaf ka is hadis se yeh istadlal lena batil hai

Aur isi tarah ahle hadiso ne bhi abu huraira ki hadis ka galat matlb nikala hai hadis pesh e nazar hai

✳ abu huraira radhiallaho anhu kehte hai ke jab imam surah fatiha padhe toh tum bhi usey padho aur ussey imam se pehly khatam kar lo, pas jab imam surah khatam karke kehta hai (gheril maghdoobi alaihim waladaleen ) toh Farishte aamen kehte hai pas agar tumhri baat imam ke fatiha puri hone ke sath mil jaye toh yeh iske zada mustahik hai ke kabool ki jaye. *(bukhari juz al qira 283 )*

Is hadis se ahle hadis yeh istadlal lete hai ke imam ke sath fatiha padha jaye, jabke isi hadis ke bare me imam bukhari likhte hai ke is hadis se yeh sabit hota hai ke jab imam takbeer tahrima ke baad pehla sakta karta hai toh muktadi ko us sakte me surah fatiha padh lena chahiye, aur imam bukhari ke yeh comments aapko usi hadees ke neeche mil jayege jiska number hum upar bata chuke. Lihaza ahle hadis ka bhi is hadis se yeh istadlal batil hai.

☘khulasa :- sirri namaz me har rakat me surah fatiha padhna wajib hai aur jo isey nhi padhta uski namaz mukammal nhi, aur jahri namaz me jab imam qirat kar rha ho tab ham khamoshi se suney aur sakto me surah fatiha padhen aur agar imam sakte na kare toh us surat me khamoshi se imam ki qirat sun lena hi kifayat kar jayega. Allah hum sabhi ko deen ki sahi samaj ata farmaye, firqawariyat ke lanat se allah hume nijat de aur unke raste par chalaye jis pe allah ki naymat huvi, aur hame us din se pehly maut de jis din hum allah ke sath kisi aur ko shareek karen (ameen ya rabul aalameen)